Experimental Evaluation of Emotional Awareness regarding Arrangements and
Animations of Pictograms

2007.10.10 /

Kansei Engineering and Emotion Research 2007 (KEER2007)

Makoto FUJIMORI (Aoyama Gakuin University

Kazunari ITO(Aoyama Gakuin University

Martin J. DÜRST(Aoyama Gakuin University

Kōiti HASIDANational Institute of Advanced

Industrial Science and Technology

Overview


Background


Publicly available at http://sa.carc.jp/pict/

Please have a look at them

Layouts of Pictograms


Linear Layout    A example of linear layout

“When an earthquake occurs, hide under a desk,

and then leave the building”


Picture Text           A example of Picture Text

Purpose

  1. Experiments comparing linear pictogram layout with Picture Text

    Problems of Picture Text experiment

  2. Experiments animating pictograms

    Overview of this experiment

Experiment of Picture Text

Example of Problems

Overview of this experiment          Overview of this experiment

Subjects and Problems

Contents of Problems
Written Text Photo Illust Picture Text Linear
1 passig a cliff
which collapsed
photo of problem 1 illustration of problem 1 Picture Text of problem 1 linear layout of problem 1
2 climbing a
steep cliff
photo of problem 2 illustration of problem 2 Picture Text of problem 2 linear layout of problem 2
3 crawling low to
escape smoke
photo of problem 3 illustration of problem 3 Picture Text of problem 3 linear layout of problem 3
4 warming up at
a bonfire
photo of problem 4 illustration of problem 4 Picture Text of problem 4 linear layout of problem 4
5 obtaining
information
with placards
photo of problem 5 illustration of problem 5 Picture Text of problem 5 linear layout of problem 6
6 making a disaster
preventation map
together
photo of problem 6 illustration of problem 6 Picture Text of problem 6 linear layout of problem 6

Results about Correct Answer Rate

Correct Answer Rate

no difference

Problems

Choices

written
text
photo-
graph
illust-
ration
Picture
Text
linear
written
text
0.99 0.98 0.96 0.80
photo-
graph
0.98 0.89 0.94 0.75
illust-
ration
0.95 0.94 0.92 0.60
Picture
Text
0.94 0.95 0.97
linear 0.61 0.67 0.71 lower


Correct Answer Rates per Age Group for
Linear Layout and Picture Text

Overview of the experiment

Results about Degree of Intuiton


Degree of Intuition

no difference

Problems

Choices

written
text
photo-
graph
illust-
ration
Picture
Text
linear
written
text
6.07 6.29 6.19 4.58
photo-
graph
5.75 5.81 5.70 3.53
illust-
ration
5.62 5.92 5.86 3.74
Picture
Text
5.57 6.18 6.32
linear 4.12 4.15 4.27 lower

Experiments Animated Pictograms

Let's Try to Solve a Example

arrow
 comparing 
Overview of this experiment
Animated Picture Text Static Picture Text
arrow arrow

choices

Overview of the Experiment

Insights Obtained by the Experiment part 1




Insights Obtained by the Experiment part 2

  • This is an example where animated Picture Text performed better than static Picture Text
  • We found that by alternating among very few pictograms, we were able to express movements such as "running" and "turning back"
  • Such movements are difficult to express with static Picture Text




Conclusion of the Experiment

We found that


  • change of state can be expressed by using animation

  • animations may require some more time beginning and ending

  • there is some contents suit where static Picure Text works better than animated Picure Text

Summary and Future Work

Summary

  • Picture Text is significantly easier to understand than linear layouts of pictograms
  • Picture Text is equally well suited to express ideas and sentence-level concepts as other media such as illustrations and photographs
  • Although static and animated Picture Text have similar features, which one is a better fit depends strongly on contents
  • Such animations have to be designed very carefully in order to be easy to understand


Future Work

  • Experiments about time required for understanding contents
  • Experiments about watching duration required for understanding time in animation

Q & A


  • Please, speak clearly, slowly, and shortly